The political landscape of the Maldives has undergone significant changes since embracing democracy, with multiple local councils and parliamentary elections shaping the trajectory of governance. This article delves into the developments since the ratification of the constitution, the rise of liberal democracy, and the role of President Nasheed as the country's first democratically elected president.
Local Councils: A Decentralizing Effort
Under President Gayoom's leadership, the poplar green constitution was ratified, paving the way for decentralization and the proliferation of liberal democracy in the Maldives. During the early local council elections, the Progressive Party of Maldives (PPM) dominated atolls, leading to discussions about balancing autonomy and central governance within the unitary state structure.
The Establishment of 'Gaumee Idhaaraa' and Its Demise:
President Nasheed established 'Gaumee Idhaaraa' institutions to harmonize conflicts between local councils and the central government. However, these institutions faced challenges and were eventually abolished by President Waheed. The initial local council elections did not meet expectations, leaving both councils and the government struggling to fulfil the people's aspirations.
A Shift in Local Council Election Results:
During the subsequent local council election, the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) experienced a surge in victories, indicating a shift in political dynamics. The MDP's success also correlated with an increase in faithful party members, bolstering its position in local governance.
Parliamentary Dynamics: Challenges and Transformations
The First Parliamentary Election:
Following the arrival of democracy, the first parliamentary election took place in 2009, with the MDP in power. Despite being the ruling party, MDP did not secure a majority, and the opposition Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (DRP) obtained the most seats. The divided DRP eventually gave rise to the Progressive Party of Maldives (PPM).
Parliamentary Realignment:
Over time, members from various parties switched affiliations, resulting in PPM gaining prominence, while MDP's influence in parliament grew stronger. The parliament witnessed notable incidents, including confrontations between MDP members and President Waheed during his presidential addresses.
The Upcoming Second Parliamentary Election:
With the second parliamentary election on the horizon, PPM faces challenges in candidate selection, leading to speculations and rumors within the party. There are discussions about offering tickets to women candidates and potential interference from party leadership in the nomination process. The Maldives' political landscape remains dynamic and continues to evolve.
Party-Member Dynamics: Room for Improvement
PPM's Member Relations:
Members of PPM have expressed a desire for better communication and engagement with party leadership. They feel their voices are often unheard, and proper instructions are lacking, especially during significant events like elections. However, the loyalty of PPM members remains steadfast.
MDP's Unified Structure:
In contrast, MDP boasts a well-knit party structure that operates uniformly across different islands. Whether in Male, Baarah, Addu City, or Nolhivaram, the party adheres strictly to MDP philosophy. President Nasheed's leadership has played a crucial role in maintaining unity within the party.
Conclusion:
The Maldives' political journey since embracing democracy has been marked by transformative changes in governance, local representation, and party dynamics. The shift towards decentralization, the rise of liberal democracy, and President Nasheed's role as the first democratically elected president have significantly influenced the country's political landscape. As the nation approaches the second parliamentary election, parties must address internal concerns and strengthen their connections with members to foster a healthy and robust political climate. The interplay between party leadership and party members will continue to shape the country's political trajectory as it progresses on its democratic path.
